Excerpts from History of the Shang Prison System

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上海监狱志 / 《上海监狱志》编纂委员会编. — 上海：上海社会科学学院出版社，2003.

History of the Shanghai Prison System Compilation Committee. Shanghai Jianyuzhi [History of the Shanghai Prison System]. Shanghai: Shanghai Academy of Social Sciences Publishing House, 2003.

ISBN 7-80681-330-6

p. 263 (partially highlighted)

“1951年全国范围内开展镇压反革命运动后，上海地区监狱押犯数量大，监舍拥挤。1951～1955年，上海监狱系统每年收押罪犯分别为39099人、11840人、23022人、39353人、41644人（均含未决犯）。为了改造罪犯，为了解决监狱的困难，为了不让他们做吃闲饭，上海按照公安部的统筹安排，经常分批调押罪犯去外地从事开荒、水利、筑路等劳动，让他们在劳动中改造思想。”

“In 1951, after the Campaign to Suppress Counterrevolutionaries was launched throughout the country, there were great numbers of prisoners within the Shanghai Prison System, and the prison facilities were crowded. From 1951 to 1955, the Shanghai Prison System received 39099, 11840, 23022, 39353, 41644 prisoners each year respectively (including prisoners awaiting trial). To reform the prisoners, to lessen the difficulties of the prisoners, and to not let the prisoners idle [literally: to sit idle just to wait for meals], Shanghai, according to the overall arrangements of the Ministry of Public Safety, often transferred prisoners in groups to other places to engage in labors such as wasteland cultivation, hydraulic engineering, road construction, etc., in order for the prisoners to reform their thoughts through labor.”

“随着大规模治理淮河（建成治淮）工程开工建设，[1951] 年10月开始，上海大批罪犯调往安徽参加治淮，仅1951年第四季度就调犯11000人。1952年和1953年分别为1500人和552人。从1954年开始，上海像外省调押了大批罪犯，当年为25500人，1955年32200人。1954～1956年这12年中……8万余人调往安徽，参加治淮。”

“As Huai River Flood Control Project began construction, in October 1951, Shanghai began transferring prisoners in great numbers to Anhui Province to participate in construction; just in the last quarter of 1951, 11000 prisoners were transferred. In 1952 and 1953, 1500 and 552 prisoners were transferred respectively. From 1954 onwards, Shanghai began transferring prisoners in great numbers to other provinces, transferring 25500 prisoners that year and 32200 in 1955. In the twelve years between 1954 and 1965, over 80000 prisoners were transferred to Anhui to participate in Huai River Flood Control Project.”

“50年代，上海调押外地的罪犯多数是余刑3年以上……的反革命以其他刑事犯，年龄18～50岁（初期至55岁），身体强壮，无严重疾病。”

“In the fifties, the prisoners transferred from Shanghai were mostly counterrevolutionaries and other criminals with three or more years remaining in their sentences, aged between 18 and 50 (55 in the early fifties), able, and having no serious illness.”